overview
Life style changes and urbanization in history of mankind has caused lots of problems, one of them is the obesity epidemic, which is associated with a number of health problems. Obesity is often summarized together as the metabolic syndrome and increases the risk of insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, fatty liver disease and cardiovascular disease.
Adiponectin and body fat
reduction of Adiponectin plays a central role in obesity-related diseases, including insulin resistance/type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease.
Adiponectin is a collagen-like protein hormone made from 244-amino acids and is the most abundant peptide secreted and produced exclusively by fat cells.
Adipose tissue are also known as fat cells, lipocytes and adipocytes and are the cells that primarily compose adipose tissue and regulate the metabolism of lipids and glucose. Adipose tissue stores lipid in the form of triglycerides and cholesterol esters within the lipid droplets that represent specialized organelles inside the adipocyte.
The adipocyte(fat cells) has been shown to secrete a variety of bioactive proteins into the circulation. These secretory proteins, which have been named adipocytokines include leptin, tumour necrosis factor (TNF), plasminogen-activator inhibitor type 1 (PAI-1), adipsin, resistin and adiponectin.
In addition to adipocytes, other cell types, such as skeletal and cardiac myocytes(also known as a muscle cell) and endothelial cells, can also produce this adipocytokine.
The endothelium is a thin membrane that lines the inside of the heart and blood vessels.
Adiponectin health facts
Although it circulates in high concentrations and is secreted only from adipose tissue, Adiponectin levels are paradoxically lower in obese than in lean humans. This is in contrast to most other adipocytokines, whose levels are increased in obesity in proportion to an increased total body fat mass. Decreased levels are found in men compared with women.
cardiovascular death has been found to be higher in patients with renal failure who have decreased adiponectin levels (hypoadiponectinemia).
Ethnicity also seems to play a role, since one study showed significantly higher plasma concentrations of adiponectin in Caucasians compared with BMI-matched Indo-Asians
Research in humans and rodent models has consistently demonstrated the role of adiponectin as an important physiological regulator of insulin sensitivity, glucose, and lipid metabolism as well as cardiovascular homeostasis.
Adiponectin also has direct actions in liver and skeletal muscle.
adiponectin replacement therapy in humans may suggest potential versatile therapeutic targets in the treatment of obesity, insulin resistance or type 2 diabetes and atherosclerosis(Atherosclerosis refers to the build-up of fats, cholesterol and other substances in and on your artery walls and making plaques, which can restrict blood flow).
Basic scientific studies have demonstrated that adiponectin has insulin-sensitizing(anti insulin resistance), anti-atherogenic(Atherogenesis is the process of forming plaques in the arteries), and anti-inflammatory properties. Such knowledge may lead to new therapeutic approaches for diseases, such as type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular disease, and obesity.
Arteriosclerosis is a broader term for the condition in which the arteries narrow and harden, leading to poor circulation of blood throughout the body. Atherosclerosis is a specific kind of arteriosclerosis, but these terms are often used interchangeably.
how to increase Adiponectin naturally?
Oil
Daily intake of fish or omega-3 increased adiponectin by a whopping 14-60%. This could also be achieved by eating other monounsaturated fats like avocados, nuts, olives and olive oil.
Fibre
60-115% increase in adiponectin levels! It’s super important, can help stabilize blood sugar. Checking fibre levels of every meal and making sure that you are getting enough fibre. If not, supplemental fibre should be added.
Exercise
Yes, tried and true. This is always one we come back to. Exercise is vital to increasing our adiponectin levels. At least 30 minutes 3 times a week of moderate exercise can increase levels. I personally think that is a good start and that 4-5 days a week of moderate exercise is a better way to go.
Caffeine
studies have shown that people with caffeine intake – either coffee or tea – have high levels of adiponectin. Consider white or green tea – it contains ECGC that has so many other benefits. If coffee is your caffeine of choice, please at least look for organic. Coffee is one of the highest pesticide-sprayed foods.
Cold
There is some evidence that sleeping in a cold environment – 66 F (19 C) increases adiponectin. Also, shivering has a transient increase in adiponectin.
Curcumin
got to love your Curcumin, it’s just about good for everything, including raising your adiponectin levels.
Raspberry Ketones
this is found in Raspberry.
Cyanidin 3-glucoside
well that is a mouthful. Think Blueberries! This is the antioxidant found in blueberries that helps increase adiponectin levels.