Amino acids, often referred to as the building blocks of proteins, are organic compounds that combine to form protein(by forming polypeptides) that play various roles in our body. they are basic components of our bodies and imperial for physiological functions such as protein synthesis, synthesis of hormones and neurotransmitters, tissue repair and nutrient absorption. Although amino acids are essential for protein synthesis, they are metabolized as a source of energy as well.
The best dietary sources for amino acids are animal proteins like meat, eggs and poultry.
Extra Amino acids consumed for the synthesis of nitrogenous constituents are not stored but rather degraded; the nitrogen is then excreted as urea, and the oxoacids(keto acids) left after removal of the amino groups are either used as sources of energy or are converted to glucose bonds or lipids.
Amino acids are classed into three groups; Essential amino acid, Nonessential amino acids, Conditional amino acids.
The difference between them is essential amino acids must be present through dietary sources while nonessential amino acids can be synthesized from other amino acids or even compounds.
This Probably is happened because of gene loss or mutation over time in response to changing selective pressures, such as abundance of some food containing specific amino acids. These are therefore termed essential amino acids and must be acquired through dietary sources.
Conditional amino acids are kind of a subcategory of nonessential amino acids. Conditional amino acids are nonessential amino acids which under certain periods(like stressful periods or while training) cannot be fully synthesized from other components and have to be included in the diet directly(but not necessary all of it should come from food, your body still can synthesize a big portion of its need even during stressful times).
The 9 essential amino acids are: histidine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, threonine, tryptophan, and valine.
Nonessential amino acids include: alanine, arginine, asparagine, aspartic acid, cysteine, glutamic acid, glutamine, glycine, proline, serine, and tyrosine.
Conditional amino acids include: arginine, cysteine, glutamine, tyrosine, glycine, ornithine, proline, and serine.
alanine
D-Alanine, Or Beta-Alanine (Β-Alanine) A Form Of Alanine Is Not Found In Proteins But Occurs Naturally In Two Peptides, Carnosine And Anserine, Found In Mammalian Muscle. It Is An Important Constituent Of The Vitamin Pantothenic Acid. Together With Histidine, It Produces Carnosine. Carnosine Is Then Stored In Your Skeletal Muscles.
Alanine Is A Non-Essential Amino Acid(NEAA). Alanine Is One Of The Most Widely Used For Protein Construction And Is Involved In The Metabolism Of Tryptophan(An Essential Amino Acid) And Vitamin B6 Or Pyridoxine. Alanine Helps The Immune System, Facilitate Sugar Metabolism And Organic Acids.
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arginine
L-Arginine Releases Nitric Oxide In The Blood Which Helps In Vasodilation. Vasodilation Means Widening Blood Vessels Radius Which May Aid Certain Circulatory Conditions Like Blood Pressure. That Is Why Some Research Has Shown That Edible L-Arginine Supplements Can Lower Blood Pressure In Healthy People And People With A Type Of High Blood Pressure That Affects The Arteries In The Lungs And The Right Side Of The Heart (Pulmonary Hypertension).It Can Also Help With Congestive Heart Failure (CHF), Chest Pain And Coronary Artery Disease, However, There Currently Is No Data On How The Long-Term Use Of Arginine Affects Cholesterol Levels Despite The Claims.
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asparagine
L-Asparagine Supplemented By Athletes To Promote Performance Concentration And Improve Mental Sharpness By Aiding The CNS(Central Nervous System) Create Proteins In Order To Develop Neurons Inside Brain To Promote The Transmission Of Signaling, Mostly By Bringing Equilibrium And Homeostasis(Balancing Fight-Or-Flight And Rest-And-Digest) Inside Brain. It Also Helps Body Absorb Iron Easier And Aid Body Synthesize Ammonia Which Helps To Protect The Liver And Fight Fatigue. That Is Why It Is A Vital Compound For People Suffering From ADHD, Dementia, Senility, And Schizophrenia.
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aspartic acid
L-Aspartic Acid Is Responsible For Promoting The Production Of Antibodies Which Support The Function Of Immune System.
Aspartic Acid Aids In The Synthesis Of Four Essential Amino Acids In Humans: Methionine, Threonine, Isoleucine, And Lysine. Methionine Is Used In The Metabolism; Threonine Is Used In The Central Nervous System, The Cardiovascular System, And The Immune System; Isoleucine Is Used In Energy Regulation; Lysine Is Used In Growth And Muscle Turnover.
Aspartic Acid Can Be Used As A Testosterone Booster And A Supplement To Increase Sperm Count For Infertile Men And Sometimes By Athletes As A Temporary Booster. Elevated Testosterone Levels Were Shown To Only Last A Around 7 To 10 Days Around 50% In Healthy Men, With Testosterone Going Back To Normal Afterward.
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Cysteine
L-Cysteine Is A Sulfur-Containing Semi-Essential Amino Acid Which Can Be Synthesized From Methionine And Serine AAs But If These Are Low, You Need To Acquire Cysteine Directly From Diet. Abundant In Protein-Rich Foods And Together With The Amino Acids Glutamine And Glycine Creates The Useful Antioxidant Glutathione.
Making Antioxidant Glutathione Is The Biggest Role Of L-Cysteine Since It Does A Bunch Of Stuff Inside Our Body Like Supporting Immune Function, Making DNA, Regenerating Vitamins C And E, Aiding People Who Are Suffering From Heart Disease And Infertility Or Other Ailments Caused By Oxidative Stress, Transporting Dangerous Chemical Mercury Out Of The Brain, Helping Reduce The Effects Of Aging On The Skin, Helping The Liver And Gallbladder Deal With Lipids And So On.
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Glutamine
L-Glutamine Is A Semi-Essential Amino Acid. It Also Is The Most Versatile And Abundant Amino Acid In Our Blood Vessels(At A Concentration Of Around 500-900 Μmol/L) And Our Muscle Cells(Approximately 80% Of The Body Glutamine Is Found In The Skeletal Muscles).
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Glutamic acid
Glutamic acid was isolated from wheat gluten in 1866 and chemically synthesized in 1890.Commonly found in animal proteins, only the l-stereoisomer occurs in mammalian proteins, which humans are able to synthesize from the common intermediate α-ketoglutaric acid. The monosodium salt of l-glutamic acid, monosodium glutamate (MSG) is commonly used as a condiment and flavor enhancer. The carboxyl side chain of glutamic acid is able to act as a donor and acceptor of ammonia, which is toxic to the body, enabling the safe transport of ammonia to the liver where it is converted to urea and excreted by the kidneys. Free glutamic acid can also be degraded to carbon dioxide and water or transformed into sugars.
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Glycine
This Type Of Amino Acids Can Be Synthesized In Your Body From Other Amino Acids, Glucose And Fatty Acids, So You Do Not Necessary Have To Get Them All From Dietary Sources. Amino Acids Are Used To Form Proteins.
In The Body Glutamic Acid Turns Into Glutamate And Glutamine.
Glutamate And Glutamine Are Also Amino Acids. Glutamate Is A Nonessential Amino Acid And Has A Charge That Is Negative And Glutamine Is A Conditional Amino Acid Or Semi Essential Amino Acid¬ And Does Not Have A Charge At All.
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Histidine
Histidine Is An Essential Amino Acid That Wears Does A Variety Of Roles Inside Our Body. As A Building Block Of Protein And A Precursor For Lots Of Biochemical Products, It Is Involved In Skin Protection Against UV Radiation And Healing Inflammation And Oxidative Stress.
L-Histidine Is Especially Imperial For Formation Of Myelin Sheaths(Layers Surrounding Nerves That Enables Faster Transmission Of Signals To The Brain)Which Helps Central Nervous System And Mind-Muscle Connection.
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Isoleucine
It May Help How Hemoglobin Is Created. This Is The Oxygen-Carrying Pigment Inside Of Red Blood Cells. It Might Even Help Control Blood Sugar But Isoleucine Does Not Promote Glycogen Synthesis. It Might Also Boost Energy And Endurance. It’s Also Believed To Help Speed Healing Of Injured Muscles. Isoleucine Is Also Believed To Encourage Muscle Development And Lean Mass. Isoleucine Also Has A Role In The Detoxification Of Nitrogenous Waste Like Ammonia, Which Is Then Excreted From The Body By The Kidneys. Isoleucine Induces Muscle Protein Synthesis (More Than Valine, But Much Less Than Leucine). It Is Closely Associated With The Release Of Gluconeogenic Precursors, Such As Alanine, From Muscle.
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Leucine
Leucine Is One Of Nine EAAs(Essential Amino Acids) And One Of Three BCAAs(Branched Chain Amino Acids) And Sometimes Even Referred To As The Most Important Amino Acid In Human Body, In Fact, The Other Two Components Of BCAAs (Isoleucine And Valine) Only ‘Get In The Way’ By Competing With Leucine For Absorption. It Is Said As An Average A Person Weighing 70kg (~154 Pounds) Should Consume Around 2730mg Of Leucine Per Day.
Leucine Is Imperial For The Growth And Rebuild And Repair Of Muscle, Skin And Bone. It Seems Like The Only Amino Acid That Can Stimulate Muscle Growth And Prevent The Deterioration Of Muscle With Age. It Also When Combined With Glutamine Helps To Counteract The Bad Effects Of Stress On Muscle, Something That Is The Silent Killer Of Muscle Growth In A Lot Of People.
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Lysine
It Is Present In A Massive Range Of Foods And In Lysine Supplements. This EAA(Essential Amino Acid) Is One Of Nine Essential Amino Acids Which Human Body Needs For Growth And Tissue Repair. Lysine Is An Amino Acid (Building Block Of Protein) That Unlike Some Other Amino Acids, The Human Body Cannot Make By Itself(It Is An Essential Amino Acid); Therefore It Must Be Eaten In The Diet.
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Methionine
Methionine Is A Sulfur-Containing Amino Acid. Methionine Is Also Imperial For The Production Of Essential Chemicals In Our Body Such As Sulfate, Homocysteine And Taurine.
Methionine Can Be Converted Into Important Sulfur-Containing Molecules. Only Methionine And Cysteine Amino Acids Contain Sulfur And Cysteine Can Be Synthesized Inside Our Body(Non-Essential Amino Acid Or NEAAs) But Methionine Has To Be Included Inside Our Diet(Essential Amino Acid Or EAA).
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Phenylalanine
Phenylalanine Is An Essential Amino Acid(EAAs). L-Phenylalanine Has Shown So Far To Help Body Create Brain Signaling Molecules Dopamine, Norepinephrine Or Noradrenaline And Epinephrine Or Adrenaline. Phenylalanine Can Also Be Converted To Tyrosine(A Non-Essential Amino Acid).
There Are Three Forms Of Amino Acid Phenylalanine: D-Phenylalanine, L-Phenylalanine, And The Mix Made In The Laboratory Called DL-Phenylalanine. D-Phenylalanine Is Not An Essential Amino Acid And Its Role Is Not Understood Yet And Is Being Synthesized For Use In Certain Medical Applications But L-Phenylalanine Is Essential Amino Acid And Is The Only Kind Of Phenylalanine Found In Proteins Like Meat And Fish And Cheese
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proline
L-Proline Is A Nonessential Amino Acid Meaning The Body Can Reproduce Or Synthesize It From Other Components And Amino Acids(But To Be More Specific Proline Is An Imino Acid Since It Contains A Secondary Amine Group, Called An Imine, Instead Of A Primary Amine Group).When In Collaboration With Glycine, It Becomes The Vital Component For Synthesizing Collagen And Plays A Key Role In Joints And Tendon Maintenance.
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Serine
L-Serine Is A Semi Essential Amino Acid(Conditionally Essential Amino Acid) Which Helps In Brain Development, Synthesis Of Proteins, Neurotransmitters And Lipids. This Amino Acid Is Derived Form Glycine And L-Cysteine.
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Threonine
Threonine Is One Of The Nine Essential Amino Acid(EAAs). It Is An Important Residue(Or Debris In Some Sense) Of Many Proteins, Such As Tooth Enamel, Collagen, And Elastin.
Threonine Is Believed To Be Safe When Taken Up To 4 Grams Daily Are By Mouth For Up To 12 Months. But It Is Not Recommended For People With Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (Lou Gehrig’s Disease).There Is Concern That Threonine Might Worsen Lung Function In Patients With ALS.
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tryptophan
Research Shows That L-Tryptophan Can Improve Power During Exercise If Taken Before Each Session And Can Able You Train With More Intensity And Focus(Since Serotonin Raises Focus And Meditation Phase)But Research Has Not Still Found Any Benefit For People Doing Long Cardio Training And Taking This Amino Acid And It Seems Like Tryptophan Helps With Fast-Twitch Muscle Fibers Rather Than Slow–Twitch Muscle Fibers.
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tyrosine
Tyrosine Is Ample In Healthy Food Sources And People Usually Do Not Need To Supplement With It. These Foods Include Cheese(In Fact, “Tyros” Means “Cheese” In Greek), Milk, Yoghurt, Lean Proteins Such As Poultry, Eggs, Fish, Oats And Legumes.
It Also Produces Chemicals That Support Your Thyroid And Metabolism Process Hence Aiding Fat Loss But Also Helping People Who Are Suffering From Low Metabolism, Fatigue, Low Tolerance To Anxiety, Have Low Concentration Span And Short Term Memory Problems.
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valine
L-Valine Is One Of The Essential Amino Acids(EAAs). EAAs Are Those Amino Acids That Cannot Be Synthesized By The Body And Must Be Obtained From Diet. L-Valine Is Also What Is Called A Branch Chain Amino Acid (BCAA). It Works Along With Two Additional BCAAs Known As Leucine And Isoleucine.